How To Grow Carrots

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Carrot is a vegetable  that is well known Indonesian society and popular as a source of vit. A because it had higher levels of carotene (provitamin A). In addition, carrots also contain vit. B, vit. C, slightly vit. G, as well as other substances that are beneficial to human health. The figure in the form of grass and plants store food reserves in the tuber. Have short stems, roots Riding the form and function become rounded and elongated tubers. Bulbs reddish yellow, thin skinned, and if eaten raw was crunchy and slightly sweet.
Terms Grow Carrots
Carrots are subtropical plants that require cold temperatures (22-24A ° C), humid, and enough sunshine. In Indonesia such conditions usually found in areas between 1200-1500 m altitude above sea level. Now carrots can be planted in an area already altitude 600 m asl. It is advisable to plant carrots in the soil fertile, friable and rich in humus with a pH between 5.5 to 6.5. Infertile soil can still be planted carrot done provided that intensive fertilization. Most of the plateau land in Indonesia has a low pH. If so, need to be limed soil, because soil is acid inhibits the development of tubers.
Carrot Cultivation Guidance
SOIL PROCESSING land to be planted 30-40 cm deep processed carrots. Add as many as 1.5 kg/m2 manure to the soil fertile enough. When including poor soil nutrients can be added urea 100 kg / ha, TSP 100 kg / ha, and KCl 30 kg / ha. Subsequently made beds 1.5-2 m wide and the length adjusted to the land. High bed on dry land is 15 cm, while for the submerged land, high raised bed can be even higher. Among the beds need to be made as wide trench about 25 cm to facilitate planting and plant maintenance. PLANTING Needs carrot seed is 15-20 g/10 m 2 or 15-20 kg / ha. A good carrot seeds can be purchased in stores or conceive their own plants from old plants. When buying, choose seeds that have been certified. Carrot seeds can be sown directly distributed without notice. Previously, the seeds soaked in water about 12-24 hours to help the growth process. Then, the seeds are mixed with a little sand, and then rub-rub the seeds easily dispersed and not attached to one another. Seeds are sown in beds along the groove with the aid of penugal, then the seeds thinly covered with soil. Next, the beds immediately covered with straw or banana leaves to keep the seeds are not washed away by water. If the plant has grown (between 10-14 days), straw or banana leaves promptly removed.
Maintenance
Once the plant grows immediate maintenance. The first is the maintenance of watering can be done once a day or two times a day if the air is very dry. Another way of providing water to the road is flooded trenches between beds. This way can be done if there is drainage. Plants that have grown must be selected. The trick unplug the weak plants or dry, leave a healthy and sturdy plants. This action was followed by thinning at the same time useful to give the distance in the groove and keeping inadequate sunlight so the plants thrive. Thinning produce a neat groove located between 50-10 cm. Subsequent maintenance is a fertilizer which can be performed since the two-week-old plants of 50 kg urea / ha, followed by a second administration (1 or 1.5 months later) in the form of SO kg urea / ha and KCl 20 kg / ha. The dose may change according to soil conditions and fertilization recommendations exist. Way of fertilizing is to pour the fertilizer in the groove as deep as 2 cm is made lengthwise is about 5 cm from the plant flow. When one month old plants need to be done weeding and pendangiran. The goal is that plants are not disturbed by weeds and keep plant roots are not exposed to direct sunlight.
Carrot Pests and Diseases
There are several important pests that attack plants commonly known as carrots in Indonesia, including the following. Manggot-manggot (Psila Rosae) Bulbs stricken carrots showed symptoms of damage (decay and rot) caused by the bite of the tuber. The cause of this damage is a kind of carrot flies called manggot-manggot (Psila Rosae). Active period is the current destruction of fly larvae eat the tubers for 5-7 weeks before they turn into pupae. Bulbs that have been attacked can not be fixed, should be removed and discarded. Prevention, while still young carrot plants watered with a solution of water mixed Polydo120 g of 100 liters. To be more convincing results, giving Polydol repeated again 10 days later. Semiaphis dauci pest attack is characterized by cessation of growth, plants become stunted, the leaves become curled, and can cause death. This pest generally attacks young plants, causing huge losses. This destructive insect pest is grayed named Semiaphis dauci. Eradication and control carried out by spraying water mixed with 20 g Polydol 100 liters. Or can also use Metasyttox 50 g of water mixed with 100 liters. Diseases of plants Diseases of carrots that are considered important are as follows. Cercospora leaf spot disease is characterized by patches of rounded or elongated there is lots on the edge of the leaf so that the leaf curl due to the affected areas are not the same compared to the healthy growth. The cause of this disease is a fungus Cercospora carotae (Pass). The distribution is aided by the wind. Parts of plants which first attacked the young leaves. Control by planting the seeds of a healthy, maintaining sanitation, plants that have been attacked removed and buried, as well as crop rotation. Another way of control is by spraying fungicide containing Zineb and maneb, namely Velimex 80 WP as much as 2 to 2.5 g / 1 with a spray volume of 400-800 1/ha. Black rot (late blight) symptoms of the disease is characterized by small patches of dark brown to black trimmed in yellow on the leaves. Spotting can be enlarged and united so that the leaves off (black). Infected leaf stalks cause rust-colored spots elongated. Symptoms in new roots appear after the root tubers are stored. At the root arise blotches and irregular round, somewhat settle to a depth of about 3 mm. Network that foul greenish-black to black. Sometimes also arise blackish mold on the surface of the foul. The cause of this disease is a fungus Alternaria dauci which was originally called Macrosporium carotae. Control by crop rotation, sanitation, planting the seeds of a healthy, and clean up the plants that were attacked (removed and buried or burned). Can also be used fungicide, for example Velimex 80 WP as much as 2 to 2.5 g / 1 with a spray volume of 400-800 1/ha.
Harvest and Post Harvest
Carrots can be harvested after 100 days depending on the type. Harvesting should not be too late because the bulbs will further harden (woody) so it is not preferred by consumers. How to revoke the harvesting is done by way of tubers and roots. To facilitate the removal of land should digemburkan first. Harvesting should be done early morning in order to be marketed. (by seputar pertanian)