Crop cultivation Anggrek

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A. ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT Naturally orchid (Family Orchidaceae) epifit living on tree branches and other plants, but growth in the orchid can ditumbuhkan in a pot filled with a certain media. There are several factors that affect plant growth, such as environmental factors, such as sunlight, humidity and temperature and maintenance such as fertilization, sprinkling and control opt. In general, orchids, orchids that need dibudidayakan temperature 28 ° C + 2 with the minimum temperature 15 ° C. Anggrek land are generally more resistant to the heat of the orchid pot. But high temperatures can cause dehydration that can hinder plant growth. Relative humidity (RH), which is required for orchids in the range of 60-85%. Function of the high humidity for the plant, among others, to avoid evaporation is too high. Humidity at night in order not to be too high, because it can lead to decay at the root of the young shoot-shoot. Therefore grown in a pot so that the media should not unduly wet. While the humidity is very low in the afternoon can be overcome with the way the fog spray (mist) around pertanaman place with the help of sprayer. Berdasarakan growth pattern, orchid plants can be divided into two types, namely, simpodial and monopodial. Anggrek simpodial type is that it does not have a main stem, flowers to the outside edge of the trunk and back of the child-bearing crops are grown. Except on the type of orchid Dendrobium sp. which can issue a new flower stalk on the stem-side. Examples of types of orchids, among others simpodial: Dendrobium sp., Cattleya sp., Oncidium sp. and Cymbidium sp. Anggrek simpodial type in general are epifit. Monopodial orchid type orchid that is characterized by growing point is there in the end of the stem, pertumbuhannnya straight up on one stem. Interest to the outside of the stem between the two oxter leaves. Sample type monopodial orchids, among others: Vanda sp., Arachnis sp., Renanthera sp., Phalaenopsis sp., And Aranthera sp. Habitat orchid plants can be divided into 4 groups as follows: * Anggrek epifit, the orchid that grows on trees stay another without prejudice inangnya and plants need light shade from the sun, for example, Cattleya sp. requiring light +40%, Dendrobium sp. 50-60%, Phalaenopsis sp. + 30%, and Oncidium sp. 60 - 75%. * Anggrek terestrial, the orchid that grows in the soil and require direct sunlight, for example Aranthera sp., Renanthera sp., Vanda sp. and Arachnis sp. Terestrial orchid plants need sunlight 70 - 100%, with afternoon temperatures in the range of 19 - 380C, and the night 18-210C. While for the type of orchid Vanda sp. the wide-leaved require little shade. * Anggrek litofit, the orchid that grows on the stones, and resistant to full sunlight, such as Dendrobium phalaenopsis. * Anggrek saprofit, the orchid that grows on the media containing humus or dry leaves, and need a little sunlight, for example, Goodyera sp. Sumber : http://www.deptan.go.id/ditlinhorti/